This study is an expansion by AI of ten public texts on cancer research and its evaluation. Four are works of the United States government, in the public domain: two sections of the 21st Century Cures Act, two pages of the National Cancer Institute (the Cancer Moonshot and the National Cancer Plan) and a page of the FDA's Oncology Center of Excellence (Project Optimus). Six are articles published under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence, read in full from PubMed Central. Every passage in a block quote is one of these texts, word for word, and its source line names the saved file; the rest is AI writing. Nothing here is medical, clinical, regulatory or investment advice, and nothing here is a view on any drug's or test's value to patients. The readings through the works named are this study's interpretation.
| Text | Licence | Address |
|---|---|---|
| 21st Century Cures Act (Public Law 114-255), Sec. 1001 'Beau Biden Cancer Moonshot and NIH Innovation Projects' and Sec. 2011 (Precision Medicine Initiative) (excerpt) (2016), sources/21st-century-cures-act-pl114-255-sec1001-2011.md | Public domain (United States government work) | https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-114publ255/html/PLAW-114publ255.htm |
| Estimating the population health impact of a multi-cancer early detection genomic blood test to complement existing screening in the US and UK (2021), sources/hackshaw-2021-estimating-population-health-impact.md | CC BY 4.0 | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8575970/ |
| Estimation of the Percentage of US Patients With Cancer Who Are Eligible for and Respond to Checkpoint Inhibitor Immunotherapy Drugs (2019), sources/haslam-2019-estimation-percentage-us-patients.md | CC BY 4.0 | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6503493/ |
| Surrogate endpoints in oncology: when are they acceptable for regulatory and clinical decisions, and are they currently overused? (2017), sources/kemp-2017-surrogate-endpoints-oncology-when.md | CC BY 4.0 | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5520356/ |
| Personalized RNA neoantigen vaccines stimulate T cells in pancreatic cancer (2023), sources/rojas-2023-personalized-rna-neoantigen-vaccines.md | CC BY 4.0 | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10171177/ |
| Multi-omic machine learning predictor of breast cancer therapy response (2021), sources/sammut-2021-multi-omic-machine-learning.md | CC BY 4.0 | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8791834/ |
| Estimation of clinical trial success rates and related parameters (2019), sources/wong-2019-estimation-clinical-trial-success.md | CC BY 4.0 | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6409418/ |
| Cancer Moonshot (NCI initiative page; the Blue Ribbon Panel URL redirects to this same page) (2025), sources/nci-cancer-moonshot-initiative-page.md | Public domain (United States government work) | https://www.cancer.gov/research/key-initiatives/moonshot-cancer-initiative |
| National Cancer Plan: Everyone Has a Role (landing page) (2025), sources/national-cancer-plan-landing-page.md | Public domain (United States government work) | https://nationalcancerplan.cancer.gov/ |
| Project Optimus: Reforming the dose optimization and dose selection paradigm in oncology (2025), sources/fda-project-optimus-page.md | Public domain (United States government work) | https://www.fda.gov/about-fda/oncology-center-excellence/project-optimus |
The texts were retrieved on 2026-10-06. Pages that could not be retrieved, among them the 2016 report of the Moonshot's expert panel, are not quoted or used. This book was written on 2026-10-07.
Bibliography
- Robert Kemp and Vinay Prasad, Surrogate endpoints in oncology: when are they acceptable for regulatory and clinical decisions, and are they currently overused? (2017).
- Alyson Haslam and Vinay Prasad, Estimation of the Percentage of US Patients With Cancer Who Are Eligible for and Respond to Checkpoint Inhibitor Immunotherapy Drugs (2019).
- Allan Hackshaw and others, Estimating the population health impact of a multi-cancer early detection genomic blood test to complement existing screening in the US and UK (2021).
- Chi Heem Wong and others, Estimation of clinical trial success rates and related parameters (2019).
- Stephen-John Sammut and others, Multi-omic machine learning predictor of breast cancer therapy response (2021).
- Luis A. Rojas and others, Personalized RNA neoantigen vaccines stimulate T cells in pancreatic cancer (2023).
- Bishal Gyawali and others, Assessment of the Clinical Benefit of Cancer Drugs Receiving Accelerated Approval (2019).
- Alyson Haslam and others, Overall survival for oncology drugs approved for genomic indications (2022).
- Elizabeth M. Jaffee and others, Future cancer research priorities in the USA: a Lancet Oncology Commission (2017).
- E. A. Klein and others, Clinical validation of a targeted methylation-based multi-cancer early detection test using an independent validation set (2021).
- U.S. Congress, 21st Century Cures Act (2016): Public Law 114-255, sections 1001 and 2011.
- National Cancer Institute, Cancer Moonshot (2025): NCI initiative page.
- National Cancer Institute, National Cancer Plan: Everyone Has a Role (2025): landing page.
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Project Optimus: Reforming the dose optimization and dose selection paradigm in oncology (2025): page of the Oncology Center of Excellence.