This short study asks what representation becomes in public records written for people who go to court without a lawyer: help and expertise that a representative adds to a case, the means by which a company or other organisation acts at all, or something else. It reads the twelve questions of PRO SE's Scope section whose English question contains a word beginning represent-. PRO SE, a studio of the RISCON family, marks every record synthetic and publishes its library as general information, not legal advice, with an editorial reference date that is not a case date and confirms no current law.
The twelve never name help, advice, skill or expertise, and none contains a figure. One alone names a lawyer, and it does so to set the authority of a representative who is a lawyer beside that of one who is not. Nine concern a company, a legal person or a liquidation. The records ask instead whose act counts as the party's, which paper shows the authority to act, where an organisation's internal instructions stop and the court begins, and which moment, a defect found, a ratification, a prompt correction, moves that line. Read beside the debate over representation, which measures what lawyers and lay advocates add and theorises how firms act through people, the records show a third face that this study calls attribution. Their questions about it are left open, and the reader is told nothing about what to do.