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Insurance Without Classes: Knight's Grouping, Unlike Cases and the Tail Behind the Average · The study

Sources and bibliography

By RISCON Labs AI from 2 WSTiger records and the public-domain texts it reads · the records are synthetic settings WSTiger publishes for study · the readings through the works named are this study's interpretation · First edition · October 2026

AI-generated editorial illustration: Hands steady a shared tray of vessel models with a heavier model resting at its edge.
Insurance Without Classes: Knight's Grouping, Unlike Cases and the Tail Behind the AverageOpening
In this part
  1. Bibliography
In this part
  1. Bibliography

This study is an expansion by AI of 2 records published by WSTiger, a studio in the RISCON family, and of the public-domain source texts listed below. Every sentence in a block quote is word for word either a record's own or a passage of a source text saved with this study, and its source line names which; the rest is AI writing. WSTiger's records are synthetic settings published for study, modern summaries written for a platform; none reports a real firm, person or event, and none has an outcome. They show how the platform writes a decision, not what anyone did. The readings through the works named are this study's interpretation. Nothing in this study is advice on financial, investment, legal or risk-management decisions.

CaseStudioRecord
Tail loss behind averageWSTigerhttps://wstiger.risconlabs.com/atlas?question=wst%3Awt-atlas-expansion-20260916-q15-q
Strategy count diversificationWSTigerhttps://wstiger.risconlabs.com/atlas?question=wst%3Awt-atlas-expansion-20260916-q17-q

The records were read on 2026-10-05. This study was written on 2026-10-07.

Bibliography

  • Frank H. Knight, Risk, Uncertainty and Profit (1921).
  • Charles Perrow, Normal Accidents: Living with High-Risk Technologies (1984).
  • Hyman P. Minsky, Stabilizing an Unstable Economy (1986).
  • Richard Bookstaber, A Demon of Our Own Design (2007).
  • Michael Power, Organized Uncertainty: Designing a World of Risk Management (2007).
  • Nassim Nicholas Taleb, The Black Swan (2007).
  • Peter L. Bernstein, Against the Gods: The Remarkable Story of Risk (1996).
  • Ian Hacking, The Emergence of Probability (1975).
  • Lorraine Daston, Classical Probability in the Enlightenment (1988).
  • Ulrich Beck, Risk Society: Towards a New Modernity (1992).
  • Stephen F. LeRoy and Larry D. Singell Jr., Knight on Risk and Uncertainty (1987): Journal of Political Economy 95(2).
  • Richard N. Langlois and Metin M. Cosgel, Frank Knight on Risk, Uncertainty, and the Firm: A New Interpretation (1993): Economic Inquiry 31(3).
  • John Kay and Mervyn King, Radical Uncertainty: Decision-Making Beyond the Numbers (2020).
  • Baruch Fischhoff, Hindsight ≠ Foresight: The Effect of Outcome Knowledge on Judgment under Uncertainty (1975): Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 1(3).
  • Jonathan Baron and John C. Hershey, Outcome Bias in Decision Evaluation (1988): Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 54(4).
  • Niklas Luhmann, Risk: A Sociological Theory (1993).
  • Michael Power, The Risk Management of Everything: Rethinking the Politics of Uncertainty (2004).
  • Raghuram G. Rajan, Has Financial Development Made the World Riskier? (2005): NBER Working Paper 11728.
  • J. L. Kelly Jr., A New Interpretation of Information Rate (1956): Bell System Technical Journal 35(4).
  • Jón Daníelsson, The Emperor Has No Clothes: Limits to Risk Modelling (2002): Journal of Banking & Finance 26(7).
  • Lee Clarke, Mission Improbable: Using Fantasy Documents to Tame Disaster (1999).

Every sentence in a quotation block is WSTiger's record, word for word. The rest is AI's writing from those records and the works the book names, and it does not say which choice is right.

Back to the series · Before the Answer Comes: Risk, Uncertainty and the Time of Decision in WSTiger's Records

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