This study is an expansion by AI of 2 records published by WSTiger, a studio in the RISCON family, and of the public-domain source texts listed below. Every sentence in a block quote is word for word either a record's own or a passage of a source text saved with this study, and its source line names which; the rest is AI writing. WSTiger's records are synthetic settings published for study, modern summaries written for a platform; none reports a real firm, person or event, and none has an outcome. They show how the platform writes a decision, not what anyone did. The readings through the works named are this study's interpretation. Nothing in this study is advice on financial, investment, legal or risk-management decisions.
| Case | Studio | Record |
|---|---|---|
| Reason written before voyage | WSTiger | https://wstiger.risconlabs.com/atlas?question=wst%3Arisk-ko-outcome-rewrites-reason-past |
| Post-mortem after loss | WSTiger | https://wstiger.risconlabs.com/atlas?question=wst%3Arisk-ko-outcome-rewrites-reason-present |
The source texts this study read are saved with it, and the passages it quotes from them stand in them word for word:
| Text | File | Address |
|---|---|---|
| Memoirs of Extraordinary Popular Delusions and the Madness of Crowds, by Charles Mackay | sources/mackay-popular-delusions-1841.md | https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/24518 |
The records were read on 2026-10-05. The texts were fetched on 2026-10-07. This study was written on 2026-10-07.
Bibliography
- Charles Mackay, Extraordinary Popular Delusions and the Madness of Crowds (1841).
- Charles P. Kindleberger, Manias, Panics, and Crashes (1978).
- Michael Power, Organized Uncertainty: Designing a World of Risk Management (2007).
- Nassim Nicholas Taleb, The Black Swan (2007).
- Baruch Fischhoff, Hindsight ≠ Foresight: The Effect of Outcome Knowledge on Judgment under Uncertainty (1975): Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 1(3).
- Jonathan Baron and John C. Hershey, Outcome Bias in Decision Evaluation (1988): Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 54(4).
- Philip E. Tetlock, Expert Political Judgment: How Good Is It? How Can We Know? (2005).
- Niklas Luhmann, Risk: A Sociological Theory (1993).
- Michael Power, The Risk Management of Everything: Rethinking the Politics of Uncertainty (2004).
- Glenn W. Brier, Verification of Forecasts Expressed in Terms of Probability (1950): Monthly Weather Review 78(1).
- Lee Clarke, Mission Improbable: Using Fantasy Documents to Tame Disaster (1999).
